Which term describes the allocation of powers among different levels of government?

The term that describes the allocation of powers among different levels of government is federalism. Federalism is a system of governance where power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units, such as states or provinces. This division allows for multiple levels of government to exist and function simultaneously, with each level having its own set of powers and responsibilities.

In a federal system, certain powers are typically reserved for the national government, while others are assigned to state or local governments. This structure helps to ensure that governance is closer to the people and allows for a diversity of policies and laws that can be tailored to the needs of different regions.

Examining the other terms: centrism refers to a political ideology that seeks balance between left and right, typically avoiding extreme positions. Devolution involves the transfer of certain powers from a central government to local or regional governments but does not encompass the overarching structure of power division inherent in federalism. Centralization, on the other hand, refers to the concentration of administrative power in a central authority, which is a contrast to the decentralized distribution of power seen in federalism. These distinctions clarify why federalism is the correct term to describe the allocation of powers among different levels of government.