What principle ensures that no branch of government becomes too powerful?

The principle that ensures no branch of government becomes too powerful is checks and balances. This concept is foundational to the structure of the U.S. government, where each branch—executive, legislative, and judicial—has specific powers and responsibilities, as well as the ability to limit the powers of the other branches. This system prevents any one branch from exercising too much authority and encourages cooperation and accountability.

Checks and balances work by allowing each branch to monitor and limit the actions of the others. For example, the legislative branch can create laws, but the executive branch has the power to veto legislation. Similarly, the judiciary can review laws and executive actions to determine their constitutionality. This interplay creates a dynamic where power is balanced and helps protect individual rights and democratic principles.

While separation of powers is closely related and refers to the division of government responsibilities into distinct branches, it is the system of checks and balances that actively operates to prevent concentration of power and abuse of authority within the government.